The Rise Of World War II Essay - 1478 Words

World War II is usually associated with genocide, atomic bombs, and Hitler. Often times the positive outcomes that came from such a deadly war between nations is forgotten in the musk of death and power. The instability in Europe created by World War I, set stage for the rise of Hitler. Germany at the time was economically and politically unstable. Due to them being blamed for the first World War and the harsh consequences enforced by the Treaty of Versailles, it made it easier for Hitler to rise to power. World War II began in 1939, when Germany invaded Poland without properly declaring war. The rise of America as a super power began when Japan surprisingly attacked a navy base in Pearl Harbor, two years into the war. The quick reaction and declaration of war from the United States displayed the nation as strong and prepared. To become a super power, a nation must have vast international political influence, an overpowering military and a growing indestructible economy. It was this war, which caused the United States to rise to such power. Though the United States was not involved in any form of warfare when the war first began in 1939, they did provide economic support to Britain, since their economy was struggling. â€Å"During the war, it (United States) built a mammoth military establishment... it became involved in a host of complex†¦ economic, political, and military problems across the world.† (Herring, 538). America emerged as a super power from World War II because ofShow MoreRelatedWorld War II : The Rise Of Communism1088 Words   |  5 PagesWorld War II was a tremendously impactful war which was fought during the forties. It had many turning points and great changes that turned not only the United States but the world. One of the first events that occurred was the rise of Communism. With the rise of communism it caused panic in the country of the United States. The panic was inevitable because anyone could be suspected of being a commu nist. Also, with communism rapidly spreading in Europe it was hard for the United States to stay inRead MoreThe Rise Of Consumerism During World War II1020 Words   |  5 Pagesand cars are necessities in homes in 2014. America was not always the consumerist nation it is now. With thousands of American servicemen returning home after World War II, the United States was filled with an energy that had long been repressed by an economic depression in the 1930’s. By the 1950’s, Americans were ready to move on from the war and start families. Thousands of jobs were created to accommodate all those retuning home, which caused the United States’ economy to flourish. Since more peopleRead MoreThe Rise of Western Culture and Economy in Japan After World War Ii1581 Words   |  7 PagesThe Rise of Western Culture and Economy in Japan after World War II According to some scholars, a societys culture determines its economic destiny. Before 1860, Japan had been isolated for over two centuries, and it was not until the aftermath of World War II when Japan was forced to ration food to extreme measures (Hiesinger 39), the Japanese peoples fear of become a Western sub-colony coupled with â€Å"their flexible attitude towards cultural variance (Sparke 10),† ushered them into economic andRead MoreThe World War I And The Rise Of Germany801 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War II plays a very important part in the history of the world. It still has effects that we deal with today. So, what events could have possibly started such a monumental world war? Well, the events are: World War I, Great Depression, expansion of imperialism, Versailles Treaty, and the rise of Germany. This was a dangerous chain reaction of events that lead to the devastating effects of the war. What really set the tone for the start World War II was actually the effects World War I itselfRead MoreWorld War I And II1057 Words   |  5 Pages20th century, World War I and II, left a lasting impact on society economically, politically, and socially. As we have read in detailed archives on both world catastrophes, the nature in which violence shaped society after the war varied greatly. Ernst Jà ¼nger in Storm of Steel shares his heroic memoirs from fighting on the German front in World War I. Art Spiegelman tells the very personal and emotional story of his father, a survivor of World War II’s Holocaust. Throughout the war, Ernst remindsRead MoreThe Causes Behind The Atrocities Experienced During World War II1166 Words   |  5 PagesWhen evaluating the causes behind the atrocities experienced during World War II, many reasons for these events can be found in the conditions occurring beforehand. Beyond this, many of these causes can be applicable contributions to eac h World War. In terms of cause, World War II can be considered an inevitable continuation of the first World War. It erupted due to Hitler’s extreme desire for expansion and hostile foreign policy, war was immediately declared upon German militarization of Poland. HoweverRead MoreWorld War Ii and America944 Words   |  4 PagesThe world’s greatest war, World War II began in 1939 and lasted for almost six years. It was between two military alliances. On the axis powers were Japan, Germany and the Kingdom of Italy. While the allies were lead by United Kingdom, China, Soviet Union and The United States of America. America was not directly involved in the war in the early stages. The necessity increased after the fall of France, the Pearl Harbor incident but mainly when Hitler declared war on U.S. This led to America’s directRead MoreThe World War II : A Evolutionary Change Within Societal Structure1462 Words   |  6 PagesWorld War II sparked an evolutionary ch ange within societal structure as women’s influence grew and they entered the workforce. Efforts on the homefront brought more job opportunities for women, but the role that they developed was challenged as soon as the men returned. American society expected everything to return to normal when the war finished, and men to return to the factories and women to return to housework. Contrary to popular belief, women took this opportunity to fight against socialRead MoreThe Major Events Of The 20Th Century Were Characterized1612 Words   |  7 PagesThe major events of the 20th century were characterized by devastating political experiences of wars and totalitarianisms that were born out of the shifts in philosophical, social, political and economic ideologies and movements across many regions of the world. During this time in history, communism took root in many states where people took control of the economies in order to establish a communist society that was based on a social economic order that was structured upon common ownership of theRead MoreWorld War II to the Gulf War by Stephen E. Ambrose1667 Words   |  7 PagesRise to Globalism: American Foreign Policy Since 1938 is an alluring analysis of Americas outside approach of World War II to the Gulf War. The author, Stephen E. Ambrose, received a Ph.D. in history from the University of Wisconsin. He is known for his accomplished writing. He has written fifteen books on military history, foreign policy, and quite a few biographies on our own past United States presidents. Besides his career as an author, Ambrose has taught several history classes at various locations

A Breif History of Rome - 1051 Words

Rome is a fascinating place to visit. The ancient history is very interesting to many people. Rome also has a new world that appeals to visitors. Many people go to visit Rome each year. Rome today has a population of 3,351,000 people. It is located 41degrees 54’N 12 degrees 30’E. It has an elevation 20m (70ft).Rome is located mid-way down the boot along the Tiber River and lies west of the Apennine Mountains. It is called the seven hills city because there are some hills that are part of a volcanic ridge. The rest is mostly marshy land. The foundation of Rome goes back to the early days of civilization. Today Rome is known as the ‘eternal city† because the citizens in ancient time were strong and they believe Rome could survive anything. Historians believe that the Romans founded Rome in about 625 BC. Historians believe that early Rome was governed by kings. After about they had seven kings, the Romans decided to take power of their city and ruled themselves. Then after that they had a council known as the ‘’senate.’’ The senate then ruled the citizens of Rome. The richest people in Rome got elected for senate for a one year term. The Roman Republic was a very successful government in Rome. It is successful because it lasted from 510 BC until 23 BC. That is about 500 years. In comparison to the United States it lasted 250 years more. Thought it was successful, it faced many challenges. Under this type of government two elected consuls shared the head of government.

Interpersonal Roles Free Essays

Lamond, D. (2003). Henry Mintzberg vs. We will write a custom essay sample on Interpersonal Roles or any similar topic only for you Order Now Henri Fayol: Of Lighthouses, Cubists and the Emperor’s New Clothes. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 8(4), 5-23. This article talks about Mintzberg’s and Fayol’s theories regarding managerial work. It is mentioned that Fayol’s managerial function and Mintzberg’s managerial roles can be connected with one another. (Tsoukas 1994, as cited by Lamond, 2003) â€Å"the logical links between Fayol’s functions and Mintzberg’s roles are demonstrated†. This article explains the interrelation between managerial functions and managerial roles in particular group so that the management in organisation can run effectively. This article is useful for the author’s research as it gives explanation about the importance of interpersonal roles in relations with managerial functions while Robbins et al. (2003) book only provides the basic theoretical managerial roles without further relate with any other managerial components. Mintzberg, H. (1975). The manager’s job: folklore and fact, Harvard Business Review, 53(4) 49-61. Mintzberg’s (1975) article shows how interpersonal roles play important part for managers to make decisions and strategies; it also describes the importance of how interpersonal roles are integrated with other roles to achieve effectiveness of managerial work. Mintzberg (1975) suggested that â€Å"Three of manager’s roles arise directly from his formal authority and involve basic interpersonal relationship. † (p. 54). This article is useful for the author’s research as it gives an insight towards the importance of interpersonal roles for manager to avoid misunderstanding between the modern and traditional managerial works. This article is better compared to Pavett and Lau (1983) about managerial work’s article because it provides several examples that support the importance of international roles by providing evidence in reality such as the modern and traditional managerial works that have been misunderstood by society. Pavett, C. M. , Lau, A. W. (1983). Managerial work: The Influence of hierarchical level and functional speciality. Academy of Management Journal , 26(1), 170 – 177. Through this article, Pavett and Lau (1983) show the influence of hierarchical level and functional speciality on managerial roles. (Mintzberg, 1975, as cited in Pavett Lau, 1983) â€Å"differences in managerial work involve the relative’s importance of the roles across hierarchical level and functional speciality†. The research focuses on the integration between hierarchical level and functional speciality with managerial roles. This article is useful to the author’s research topics as Pavett and Lau (1983) give a relevant statistics about how hierarchical level, functional speciality and managerial roles are integrated, especially when the interpersonal roles are dominantly seen in hierarchical level and functional speciality as an essential part compared to the book written by Robbins et al. (2003) which only mentioned about the theory without justified examples to support it. Robbins, S. P. , Bergman, R. , Stagg, I. , Coutler, M. 2012). Management 6 (6th edition). French Forest NSW, Australia: Pearson Australia. Robbins et al. (2012) contains a brief explanation about Mintzberg’s interpersonal roles with its duties and responsibilities. Robbins et al. (2012) suggested that â€Å"All managers are required to perform duties that involve people (subordinates and persons outside the organisation) and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature†. The study explains that interp ersonal roles are more likely involve outsiders. This book is beneficial for the author’s research topic, as Robbins et al. (2012) gives plenty explanations about the benefit of interpersonal roles and how each roles are linked well together. The main limitation of the article is that the authors do not put sufficient details and examples about each roles compared to the article of Mintzberg (1975) which mentioned the clear evidence regarding interpersonal roles in everyday life by providing explanation about the modern and traditional way in defining managerial works. How to cite Interpersonal Roles, Papers

Business Management Several Provisions for Extrinsic Additional Facto

Question: Describe about the Several Provisions for Extrinsic Additional Factors for Business Management. Answer: Introduction Marriott International group of hotels is headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland in the United States, with more than 5,700 properties and operating in more than 110 countries. The total revenue of the selected company was observed to be $ 14 billion in the fiscal year 2015 (www.marriott.com. 2016). Objectives: The research aims to show the weakness in the HR management practices of Marriott International group of hotels. The main objectives of the research are listed below as follows: Analyses of the drawback of the HR practices of Marriott International group of hotels Motivational concerns among the employees of the company Implementation of HRM improvement process Rationale for the study The rationale for the study will explain the weakness in the recruitment process and increasing turnover of the organization. The research will also depicts the opportunities for better employee satisfaction and making necessary improvement in retaining of the employees hotel. Scope of the research The scope of the research will be based on studying the HR Practices in the selected organization. The limitations will be seen through the application of motivational theory such as Douglas McGregors X and Y theory and Maslows Hierarchy of Needs to study the reasons for the weakness prevailing in the motivation among the existing employees. The improvement process will be shown with the application of SWOT analysis of the collected information. The research will show both primary and secondary method for the data collection process. The report will be designed to analyze the findings based on graphical representation and charts. The latter part of the report will highlight the important issues for the weakness in the HR practices and the make the necessary recommendations and guidelines to improve the HR practices in the Marriott International group of hotels Questionnaires: The questions, which will be addressed in the research study, are stated below as follows: What are the issues concerning employees motivation and turnover at Marriott? What are the reasons for the weakness of HRM at Marriott? What are the developments, which can make to train and retain the present employees of the hotel? Literature Review According to Zhang, R et al. (2013), in the year, 1960 Douglas McGregor was known to propose a two-factor theory related to employee motivation. This theory was divided into two categories, namely theory X and theory Y. Theory X - The theory X employees are defined as those, who tend to avoid task and dislike the responsibilities assigned to them. The theory also stated that in order to promote effectiveness in work and motivation among employees the management needs to enforce the relevant rules and give punishments or take strict actions (Latham 2012). Theory Y - The theory Y of the motivational theory is directly related to the concept and contrast of the theory X. This theory states that the employees are internally motivated and they work better themselves. The theory further states that the employees do not need constant supervision of the management to stay motivated and perform better in the organization (Olkin and Marshall 2016). Hierarchy of Needs Theory According to Nordstrom and Renforth (2015), in the year 1943, Abraham Maslow proposed a theory consisting of five tiers to shape the motivation style in an organization. The theory suggested five different factors responsible for employee motivation; the theory further suggested that a company should look forward to move up the pyramid to ensure all the desired needs are met. The bottom of the pyramid consists of the physiological needs like sleep, shelter and food. The safety need is proposed to make up needs of second tier and third tier. The top of the pyramid included the need related to Esteem and self-actualization among the employees (Zavei and Jusan 2012). Figure 1: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (Source: Lester 2013) Strength, weakness, opportunities and threat (SWOT) analysis SWOT analysis is a planning tool to evaluate the four elements (Strength, weakness, opportunities and threat) of a particular business venture. The analysis can be performed on a product, person, company or a place. The overall analysis involves the process identifies the internal (Strengths and weakness) and the external (opportunities and threats) factors to achieve a specific objective (Suh 2014). Strength: It shows the characteristics of the business project, which shows the advantages of one policy or framework over others (Lin 2016). Weakness: This shows the characteristics of a particular place or a particular business venture, which shows the relative disadvantage in a particular project (Yu, Byun, and Lee 2014). Opportunities: These are elements, which a business should implement to exploit the areas of improvement in a particular venture. Threats: These are related to elements in the environment, which can possess trouble to a particular business or project (Lehr 2015). Figure 2: Model depicting SWOT analysis (Source: Hollensen 2015) Research Methodology The main objectives of the research process have been explained with the use of qualitative methods. This method explores the different types of idea behind the opinions, rationale and motivation behind the research data. The stages and description of the research methodology has been depicted with a diagram shown below as follow: Stages Description Identification of the data collection procedure 1) Primary data has been collected through conducting questionnaire from the employees of Marriott International group of hotels 2) Secondary data has been sourced from website of Marriott International group of hotels, books related to employee motivational theories and the management theories to overcome the relevant issues. Sources stating the secondary data 1) Internal sources of the secondary information have been collected from the annual report of Marriott International group of hotels. 2) External sources range from the books related to motivational theories, Newspaper, articles and company website Means of collection for different types of the primary data The primary data has been collected in form of interviews from the employees and managers of Marriott International group of hotels. Consideration of the Sampling Frame The main sampling frame has been taken through the employer and managers of the company. Size of the sample The sample size consists of a total of 2 Managers and 2 employees of Marriott International group of hotel Data Analysis procedure The data analysis has been done based on the qualitative analysis procedure Resources The resources are seen in form of the implementation of Time, Personnel and various types Financial requirements Milestones for the Improvement process Description Timeframe Identification of the HR issues at Marriott International 12.11.2016- 16.11.2016 Identification of factors for motivation of the employees 16.01.2017-20.03.2017 Conducting the questionnaire process 21.03.2017-22.04.2017 Implementation of theory X and theory Y 23.04.2017-25.07.2017 Implementation of hierarchy of needs 26.08.2017-27.08.2017 Implementation of the improvement process 28.08.2017- 30.09.2017 Gantt chart showing the appropriate timeframe of the research specifications: Data analysis and findings Primary data analysis Theory X and Theory Y The analysis of the different types of the analysis of the weakness in the HRM practices clearly states that the employees at Marriott international has to go through authoritarian style of management where the work pressure is considerably high during the peak seasons and hence the lack work life balance. It can be observed that at present the management is following Theory X as a motivational tool for the employees. Hierarchy of Needs Theory The various responses collected from the participants shows that the employees at Marriott International group of hotel suffered mainly due to the love and belonging needs. These needs are directly relevant to the tier 3 needs of Maslows hierarchy of needs model. The responses collected from the interview clearly shows that the employee lack interpersonal and needs related to belongingness. The overall analysis clearly states that the employees at Marriott international group of hotel lacking terms of time for work life balance, friendship, intimacy and family. SWOT Analysis Strengths As per the responses given by both managers and employees at Marriott international reported, the main strength of the company is seen in form of financial benefits provided for our performance even during the peak seasons. The employees have a significant amount of extrinsic motivation within the organization Weakness The weakness is seen in form failure to inculcate intrinsic motivation. The weakness in human resource management is also seen in terms of increased amount of turnover among the employees. Poor training provided to the new joining employees is also seen as a weakness in the HRM. Opportunities The organization has shown several scopes of opportunities in terms of providing better training facilities and better facilities for emphasizing on social life of the employees. The company should also work on providing better health insurance benefit to the existing employees of the organization. Threats The main threats are seen in form of increased employee turnover rate if correctional measures are not taken at the earliest. The employees may also join other renowned hotels such as hotels such as Armani Hotel, Auberge du Soliel, Nobis hotel Stockholm and Ritz carlton. Secondary data analysis The secondary data analysis is based on website, books, annual report and journals is shown below as follows: Theory X and Theory Y Based on the various information collected from websites and journals it has been found that the company applies Theory X for deciding employee motivation. This is evident from the fact that the management is a significant role during the peak season by offering several performances and even bonus for better customer service and extension of services. Hierarchy of Needs Theory As per the model of hierarchy of needs, the company mainly lacks in the third tire, which is related to Love and belongingness needs. Several journals have stated that the most significant reason for increased employee turnover was due to lesser opportunities given to the Marriott employees for spending adequate time with their family members, which deprived them of work life balance. SWOT Analysis Strengths The strength of the Marriott Group of hotel lies in the high brand value of the company. It is also known for making several technological improvements in its current business process. Marriott International hotel has 5700 hotels and is situated in more than 110 countries all across the globe. The hotel is further known for having various ranges of the brands from attainable to aspiration related. Weakness The weakness of the company lies in lower employee motivation and the competition faced from the several hotels such as Belmond Ltd, Hyatt International, Eldorado resorts etc. The shares of the aforementioned companies have been found to be higher than the Marriott International group of hotels. Opportunities The main opportunity is seen in terms of providing better employee motivation and better amenities to the existing employees. The several types of the opportunities in the hospitality have been seen with then emerging markets dealing in similar line of the business. Threats The most noted threat includes the entry of several international brands along with the most established brands of hotels such as Armani Hotel, Auberge du Soliel, Nobis hotel Stockholm, Ritz Carlton, The Table Bay hotel. The present threat of then hotel industry also lies in the stagnant growth and competitive process in of the several groups of five start hotels on the world. Conclusion and recommendations The analysis conducted both on primary and secondary data clearly shows that although the company gave several provisions for extrinsic additional factors such as performance incentives, employee bonus and better financial growth, it significantly lacks in terms of providing intrinsic motivation to the employees. The company needs to adapt to the style of theory Y of motivation, which will involve lesser interference of the management and employees, will be able to perform freely and stay motivated in a better way. The organization should give the opportunity for recognizing intrinsic motivation among the existing employees. The company also needs to provide high quality training to the new joining employees so that they are able to get acquainted with the company policies and framework at a very initial stage. The human resource management practices should further ensure that the employees are given better facilities for health insurance and gave more number of leaves to the employe es so that they can fulfill their love and belonging needs as per stated by the hierarchy of needs theory. Reference list Hollensen, S., 2015.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Latham, G.P., 2012.Work motivation: History, theory, research, and practice. Sage. Lehr, D.D., 2015. An analysis of the changing competitive landscape in the hotel industry regarding airbnb. Lester, D., 2013. Measuring Maslow's hierarchy of needs.Psychological reports,113(1). Lin, X., 2016.Strategy Analysis of a Boutique and Lifestyle Hotel: A SWOT Analysis(Doctoral dissertation, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona). Nordstrom, R.D. and Renforth, W., 2015. Hierarchy of Needs in Transition: A Theory of Business Motivation. InProceedings of the 1983 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 282-288). Springer International Publishing. Olkin, I. and Marshall, A.W., 2016.Inequalities: theory of majorization and its applications(Vol. 143). Academic press. Suh, J., 2014. Theory and reality of integrated riceduck farming in Asian developing countries: A systematic review and SWOT analysis.Agricultural Systems,125, pp.74-81. www.marriott.com. (2016).About Marriott Hotels | Marriott Corporate Business Information. [online] Available at: https://www.marriott.com/marriott/aboutmarriott.mi [Accessed 12 Nov. 2016]. Yu, Y., Byun, W.H. and Lee, T.J., 2014. Critical issues of globalisation in the international hotel industry.Current Issues in Tourism,17(2), pp.114-118. Zavei, S.J.A.P. and Jusan, M.M., 2012. Exploring Housing Attributes Selection based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,42, pp.311-319. Zhang, R., Liu, X., Shang, X., Cheng, C., Lu, Z. and Ma, Y., 2013, July. Quantitative simulation and qualitative analysis of theory X, Y and Z. InService Operations and Logistics, and Informatics (SOLI), 2013 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 215-219). IEEE.

My aim is to investigate Borders Essay Example

My aim is to investigate Borders Essay My aim is to investigate Borders. I will be drawing borders to different squares and finding a formula for each one and finally I will find a Universal Formula. Introduction This is what the task tells me: Here are 2 squares with squares added on each side to make a border, which surrounds the starting squares. We will write a custom essay sample on My aim is to investigate Borders specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on My aim is to investigate Borders specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on My aim is to investigate Borders specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer You can then add another border as shown: Investigate Borders. Method First I will find out how many squares needed for the border to a 11 square, then 21 and so on up to 51. Then I will find a formula for the border to each square and also test the formula out to prove that it works. I will predict how many squares needed for the 6th border and find out if my prediction was correct. Next, I will find out how many squares needed for the border of a 12 square, then 22, and so on up to 52, then 13, 23, and so on up to 53. Again I will find formulas to them and prove that all the formulas work. Finally, I will put all the formulas together in three groups and find one overall formula for each of the groups. Then, I will get those three formulas and get one Universal formula in the end. Diagram of Borders of square: 11 Table of results for Borders of square: 11 Formula You can always find the nth term using the Formula: a is simply the value of THE FIRST TERM in the sequence. d is simply the value of THE COMMON DIFFERENCE between the terms. To get the nth term you just need to find the values of a and d from the sequence and stick them in the formula. Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 11): Common difference = 4 First term = 4 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 = 24 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 24 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. Diagram of Borders of square: 21 Table of results for Borders of square: 21 Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 21): Common difference = 4 First term = 6 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 + 2 = 26 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 26 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. Diagram of Borders of square: 31 Table of results for Borders of square: 31 Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 31): Common difference = 4 First term = 8 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 + 4 = 28 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 28 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. Diagram of Borders of square: 41 Table of results for Borders of square: 41 Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 41): Common difference = 4 First term = 10 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 + 6 = 30 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 30 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. Diagram of Borders of square: 51 Table of results for Borders of square: 51 Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 51): Common difference = 4 First term = 12 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 + 8 = 32 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 32 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 12): Formula = Simplification = I have already found out the Formula for 12 so theres no need for the Diagrams ; Tables, and I have already proved that the Formula works. Diagram of Borders of square: 22 Table of results for Borders of square: 22 Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 22): Common difference = 4 First term = 8 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 + 4 = 28 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 28 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. Diagram of Borders of square: 32 Table of results for Borders of square: 32 Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 32): Common difference = 4 First term = 10 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 + 6 = 30 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 30 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. Diagram of Borders of square: 42 Table of results for Borders of square: 42 Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 42): Common difference = 4 First term = 12 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 + 8 = 32 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 32 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. Diagram of Borders of square: 52 Table of results for Borders of square: 52 Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 52): Common difference = 4 First term = 14 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 + 10 = 34 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 34 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 13): Formula = Simplification = As before, I have already done the working out for this Formula and it has been proved. Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 23): Formula = Simplification = Again the working outs been done. Diagram of Borders of square: 33 Table of results for Borders of square: 33 Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 33): Common difference = 4 First term = 12 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 + 8 = 32 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 32 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. Diagram of Borders of square: 43 Table of results for Borders of square: 43 Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 43): Common difference = 4 First term = 14 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 + 10 = 34 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 34 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. Diagram of Borders of square: 53 Table of results for Borders of square: 53 Formula to find the number of squares needed for each border (for square 53): Common difference = 4 First term = 16 Formula = Simplification = Experiment I will try to find the number of squares needed for border number 6 using the formula, I found out, above: nth term = 4 x 6 + 12 = 36 Common Difference nth Term Results My prediction was 36 which is the correct answer, for the number of squares needed for border number 6, and which also proves that the formula is in working order. The overall formula to the borders of nx1: 11 = 4n 21 = 4n + 2 31 = 4n + 4 41 = 4n + 6 51 = 4n + 8 Formula for nx1th term: 4 y + ( 2 n 2 ) e.g. for border number 6: First replace n with 6. 4 y + ( 2 x 6 2 ) = 4 y + 10 Now you can replace the y with an n to have the formula, to find the number of squares, for border number 6. 4 n + 10 The overall formula to the borders of nx2: 12 = 4n + 2 22 = 4n + 4 32 = 4n + 6 42 = 4n + 8 52 = 4n + 10 Formula for nx2th term: 4 y + ( 2 n ) e.g. for border number 6: First replace n with 6. 4 y + ( 2 x 6 ) = 4 y + 12 Now you can replace the y with an n to have the formula, to find the number of squares, for border number 6. 4 n + 12 The overall formula to the borders of nx3: 13 = 4n + 4 23 = 4n + 6 33 = 4n + 8 43 = 4n + 10 53 = 4n + 12 Formula for nx3th term: 4 y + ( 2 n + 2 ) e.g. for border number 6: First replace n with 6. 4 y + ( 2 x 6 + 2) = 4 y + 14 Now you can replace the y with an n to have the formula, to find the number of squares, for border number 6. 4 n + 14 The Universal formula: The formula for Length x Width = 4 n + 2 L + 2 W 4 = B (Border) e.g. for the 6th border of a 53 rectangle: First replace n with the border number = 6, L with the Length = 5, and W with the Width = 3. Then add brackets where necessary. ( 4 x 6 ) + ( 2 x 5 ) + ( 2 x 3) 4 = B Then multiply out the brackets: 24 + 10 + 6 4 = 36 36 is the correct answer. Formulas for nx1 11 = 4n 21 = 4n + 2 31 = 4n + 4 41 = 4n + 6 51 = 4n + 8 Formulas for nx2 11 = 4n + 2 21 = 4n + 4 31 = 4n + 6 41 = 4n + 8 51 = 4n + 10 Formulas for nx3 11 = 4n + 4 21 = 4n + 6 31 = 4n + 8 41 = 4n + 10 51 = 4n + 12 Conclusion In the time available to me, I believe I have researched Borders to the full extent of my ability. I found formulas to squares nx1. I then extended this to squares nx2 and nx3, and I then was able to construct my Universal Formula, which will tell you the number of squares in any border of square nxn, which could be anything from 22 to 1015. I also found that many of my predictions I made along the way turned out to be correct. I would say that this investigation has been a success. I began this investigation with the aim to find formulas to nx1, nx2 nx3 and then a Universal Formula and they were achieved.

Comparitive Study of Two Multi National Corporations

Comparitive Study of Two Multi National Corporations Abstract Wal-Mart Company and London Cake Company are the chosen multinational corporations for this analysis. In analyzing the two companies, the main focus will be centered on how these multinational corporations differ in terms of the way they treat workers as well as employees from various countries. Under this analysis, the paper will also focus on the common practices and characteristics, which are relevant to these two multinational corporations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparitive Study of Two Multi National Corporations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Introduction It is evidenced that the main differences that are often witnessed in these two multinational corporations are gender inequalities among both the workers and the employees from different countries. In fact, the practices of gender inequalities and other socio-economic factors have really affected the productivity of both the Wal-Mart Compa ny and the London Cake Company. Gender discrimination is any form of unequal opportunity awarded purely based on sex of an individual. Social discrimination is any form of a move aimed at decreasing the status of a given gender in the social sphere of life. The most common social discrimination occurs to women. Gender discrimination among women is a form of an abuse, which lowers their dignity and capability in executing tasks to men. Differences analyzed There are more ways by which discriminations are experienced in the work place in the Wal-Mart Company. For instance, direct inequality happens when employer offers driving jobs to only male applicants. This is gender discrimination practiced among the employees and workers. There are also indirect discrimination cases where the given work conditions only favour one group of people. Women are forced to work until late and even overtime irrespective of any domestic responsibility that they might have (Drucker 29). Harassment of any kind is a way of reflecting inequality at the work place. This mainly takes place in the offices or dinners held by the company for the employees, most of which are sexual harassment. In addition, victimization at work place is rampant. The employer might favour one person of the opposite sex based on personal interest. Treating a person unfairly also amounts to discrimination at work. This mainly happens to employees who are ignorant of their rights. It should to be admitted that some employees at the Wal-Mart Company felt inequality based on gender or race (Hamel 79).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Work place gender discrimination has been witnessed to be the most common form of bias in the social set up. People with the same academic qualification, experience, and competencies have been unethically given promotion and job opportunities based on their sex. Job d iscrimination can either be under the whole employees group or on individual basis. Following statistical evidences, women are the most discriminated in pay and promotion, although the trend is gradually changing. Women segregation on pay has also been witnessed to decrease in gap. Between 1990 and 2000, payment was increased by 75 percent for men and only 25 percent for women. Women are also given job opportunities based on childcare (Drucker 47). This has shown that most women only getting part-time jobs, while men get permanent employments. Women are also horizontally segregated in work place environments. The Wal-Mart Company has distinct types of positions, which women can occupy while the rest are perfectly design for men. It was indicated by 2001 that only 20 percent of women were managers in Wal-Mart stores. Men occupied the largest 80 percentage. The pay gap was at around 20 percent with women earning at 72.5 percent (Hamel 96). Attention of many people has been drawn towar ds the operation of this multinational corporation on its sexism strategies. Wal-Mart Company has been seen in strings of gender based cases, especially in the Supreme Court. Most of this allegations are based on unequal treatment of women and men, especially on basis of promotion and payment policies. It has been an escalating task for the court to offer a verdict on this case, following the fact that the Company has a well-structured policy outline against any form of gender disparity. At the same time, the court has found it very hard to prove the allegations due to problems of evidence collection. Even though, many have doubted the possibility of Wal-Marts’ possibility of performing in the competitive market, it has been proven by several studies that the company has taken unhealthy approach towards the gender bias. Researches carried through interviews and questionnaires have shown that Wal-Mart Company created gender disparities both vertically and horizontally. In addi tion, the court cases pulling down this organization have brought out this clear picture.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparitive Study of Two Multi National Corporations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Horizontal segregation has been noted by the fact that most of women across the branches of this organization work in almost similar departments. Men’s departments in the work places have shown that they were evenly distributed both in the department and positions. It was shown that large percentagesof administrative and management body were carried out by men. At the same time, men filled the supervisory portfolio as well as ranks, which are down the ladder. Most women in the Company are working at the level of secretary and sales. The percentage of women in the administrative and management system are hardly 25 percent today in this Company. It can be proven that the criteria are not purely based on job qualification as women respondents believed some of them were holding if not equal then above in credentials. Vertical segregation is the biggest challenge in an organization operating like Wal-Mart. Vertical segregation occurs in a place, where the promotion aspect is being addressed in terms of grades and pay. Despite their grades and competencies, women tend to stay longer on low-level jobs as compared to men. This is majorly contributed the organization strategies rather than inefficiency among women. For those that manage to get promotions to the higher positions, they suffer the ‘glass ceiling effect’. The ‘Glass ceiling effect’ is where the women can get to the top only in theory while they cannot achieve it in practice. The speed of promotion is also noted to be higher among men as compared to women. This could be noted by the fact that job stagnancy is more in percentage among women as compared to men. Some women end up falling out of their jobs o ut of frustrations, while others seek judicial interventions. Pay gaps have been seen as another determinants of gender disparity in the Wal-Mart Company. It can be evidenced that many women seek aid from the court over their pay as compared to men. Men in this company feel satisfied with their pay and promotion according to women respondents. Pay in any work set up is tied to promotions and job ranks, thus women are generally disadvantaged in this multinational corporation. The pay gap between men and women is not that distinct on the employees on the same rank. However, the general pay gap is larger on men than on women.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The gap is taken from the total some payable to equal number of employees of both sexes separately. A number of cases have been filed over the company, which includes poor remuneration policies among women, but the company has come to a great defense on its operation system. The gender segregation in Wal-Mart Company cannot be understood properly, as its own policies are clear and against any form of gender biasness. It was thought that gender issues affecting this company are local problems within the branches, but this has been disputed by the accumulating cases across the branches. Business organizations always have very objective management system. The system must have clear and sound strategies on the approach of challenges experienced. When these challenges are overturned, the company shall have better results, which translate to reasonable profit. This is why management is termed as a result oriented concept. Good human resource is very vital for the success of any system. Mo reover, this topic is useful to the company because it helps them have the analysis of their human resources and tackle the changes. The management strategies are also useful to ensure proper accountability and ways in which this can be improved. The other objective is to ensure a good strategic management to divert any eminent challenges in future so as to have a clear roadmap for the business. Analysis of major factors affecting the strategic management is looked at. The political and social environment can determine the productive nature of the organization’s performance. Economic factors can be described as the market stabilities, which are affected by either inflation or deflation. Presentation of literature captures on these categories such as environmental analysis, competitive strategies, human resource challenges, organizational behavior, leadership roles, and other employees attendance incentive schemes. In the research study, the results obtained from the London Ca ke Company are very useful to the multinational corporation and any other related business organization. The company knew its competitors and applied these instrumental strategies, thus mobilized their market share. It is through this that they were able to capture the market and have large sales. They also knew that food industry is an investment that will never fall, especially when one goes with the emerging trends in the market. The multi-corporation also applied technology in their strategy. Technology played a major role in this company. The London Cake Company Limited opened a web site. This site was able to attract many people, especially those who even never knew about their products. Customers accessed them through the web. Through this, they have enhanced their marketing strategy to reach many people. The shape of their cakes is very appealing to the customers. This is one of their strengths. The main is the trends in the environment and their events. These have potential to affect the given strategy. The analysis is able to identify these events and trends plus being able to estimate their impact and chances. In performing this analysis, it is essential to limit the analysis to those places, which are relevant and can have considerable impact on the intended strategy. Environmental analysis has five categories, political, technological, economical, and sociological aspects. Political happens when the government has political good will, hence the regulations being put in place change business mode of operation. Like good policies and political good will to enhance business operation. These taxes and incentives can affect business strategy development. Technology determines what extent the existing technology to be effective. The company uses an advanced technology to enhance its products output. They have well equipped modern factory, which has enhanced production of more Cake products. Focusing on the economic aspect, the U K has a stable economy h ence this has ensured minimal cost of production and good supplies. The inflation or deflation is not realized in the company because of the stable economy. Socio-cultural reflects on the current emerging trends in the lifestyle since they were dealing in food industry, these products are really selling and they have a good market. The emerging trend in life style is that people really value cakes for their celebrations and general usage of the house. The ready market enables the company to expand rapidly because it is in line of its business strategy (Handy 46). HR challenges regarding the workers and employees of the Wal-Mart Company Human resource challenges are numerous in number because they are of different categories. The most important challenges are change managements in the business. The environmental HR challenges, workplace diversity, leadership development, retention and motivation or HR effectiveness measurement, compensation, and attracting the best talent. These ment ioned challenges and others are discussed effectively in the following paragraphs. In the Wal-Mart Company, workplace diversity is broader than the London Cake Company and its dimensions include age, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, physical abilities, race, educational background, geographic location, income, marital status, religious beliefs, parental status, and work experience. The company was able to deal with all the forms in the most professional way. The human resource manager introduced training on knowledge development based on utilization skills and continuous training to enhance individual competency. The company would never succeed without all these professional approaches towards the proper management and treatment of its employees (Lamb 57). In comparison to the London Cake Company, the treatment and management practices can be analyzed under the following paragraphs. The treatment of workers and employees of the London Cake Company Analyzed The London Cake Comp any observed that the average number of years or tenure for some professional employees is less than three years. This applies to IT professionals, marketers and other middle strategic managers. The company offers good remuneration to maintain its employees. There is also a problem of attracting the best talents. In a tensed job market, most organizations always experience concurrent demands to get the same kind of talented professionals. In their pursuit for talented employees, they end up cajoling talent all over the world. This company has designed ways of attracting these talents by knowing the reward factors contributing to this. An employee with good communication skills, with capacity to think logically and being able to be analytic coupled with excellent leadership qualities is of great importance to the organization. The London Cake Company never faced all these challenges. When these challenges are addressed, it will have certain implications. The company may offer to pay the required amount at the market demands, but the cost of operation is going to be raised rapidly. This has the effect of reducing the profit margin. For its effectiveness, the management should undertake regular assessments on all issues. These include pay, work environment, benefits, administration, and promotional opportunities to monitor the progress in long term basis. Appropriate tools for measuring development must also be put in place. Introduction of IT training to all the staff will be very effective and motivational to the employees of the London Cake Company Ltd (Asnoff 49). Government roles in terms of legislative and regulatory settings, monitoring and enforcing ethical policies The British government had formed a commission referred to as Equal Opportunities Commission. This commission is championing on unfair treatment of employees at the work place. The commission was formed in 1975 and is still active to date. In Wal-Mart, women on part-time employment are paid le ss by 38.4 percent as compared to men. Full time workers have a gap of 17.2 percent (Blaxill 19).This shows high level of inequality in Wal-Mart workplace. In the Wal-Mart Company, the government asked some of the independent bodies to investigate women harassment at the offices and even in the armed forces. In addition, around 30,000 workers lose their jobs in Wal-Mart because of being pregnant. Finally, many cases of sexual harassment and discrimination have been handed by the court system in the Wal-Mart. All these confirm that there is no equality in most of the working places (Boxall 23). Common Characteristics Retention and motivation of both the employees and workers can also be termed as HR effectiveness and measurement. Motivation and retention of personnel are â€Å"very difficult not only to the Wal-Mart Company, but also to the London Cake Company. It has become a general concern today† (Ansoff 74). In fact, the technological challenge affects both the human resou rces resources of both the Wal-Mart Company and the London Cake Company. This problem has really affected the management and treatment of the workers of these two multinational corporations. Technology is a very prominent item that can have either direct or indirect effect to any company. Technology provides better ways of management, when applied in the right way. It comes in various fields and specification required when dealing in any business transaction. Some computer software may develop technical problems and it only calls for an expert to correct. The company did not train all the employees and workers on computing issues. Only IT departments had the capacity. However, this was not crucial, as measures are underway to implement the policy that all the employees must be knowledgeable in basic computer skills. The purpose is to facilitate communication between the organization and the employees, which is crucial in solving conflicts on management and the treatment of the worke rs (Boselie 102). Conclusion In sum, it has been witnessed from the two multinational corporations, which have been analyzed above that they unfair treat both their workers and employees because they often practice gender inequality. This has been seen in the cases of both the Wal-Mart Company and the London Cake Company. These unfair practices in the employment set ups have prompted the British government to set up independent organizations to investigate the case of Wal-Mart Company. In fact, such unfair treatment of workers should be discouraged through strict laws and regulations so as to achieve success and growth among these two prominent multinational corporations. Blaxill, Mark, and Ralph Eckardt. The Invisible Edge: Taking your Strategy to the Next Level Using Intellectual property. London: Irvine Publishers, 2009. Print. Boselie, Peter. Strategic Human Resource Management: A Balanced Approach. Boston: McGraw Hill Higher Education Publishers, 2010. Print Boxall, Philip. Th e Oxford Handbook of Human Resource Management. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. Print. Drucker, Peter. The Age of Discontinuity. London: Heinemann Publishers, 2004. Print. Hamel, Gary. Leading the Revolution. New York, NY: Plume Publishers, 2002. Print. Handy, Charles. The Age of Unreason. London: Hutchinson Publishers, 1989. Print. Igor, Henry. Corporate Strategy. New York, NY: McGraw Hill Publishers, 1965. Print. Lamb, Robert. Competitive Strategic Management. New Jersey, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1984. Print.

Summarize chapter one Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summarize chapter one - Essay Example A network of packet switches and communication links work hand in hand with end systems since they are effectively connected together. Some of the communication links include optical fiber, radio spectrum and cooper wire and they are made up of different physical media types. This links differ since each one of them transmits data at different rates in bits/second. A route or path is referred to as a sequence at which packet switches and communication links are traversed by a packet from the sending end system to the receiving end system. A Services description defines the internet as an infrastructure which provides various services to different applications such as social networks, remote login and video streaming. An application Programming Interface helps in specifying how a program running on one end system asks the Internet infrastructure to deliver certain data to specific program running on another end system destination. By considering some human analogies, humans in all times, execute protocols in order to understand the notion of a computer network protocol. The actions taken by humans when they send or receive messages through the internet contributes to the practice of human protocol role. Different humans have got different protocols since they respond differently when they send or receive these messages. In network protocols, the entities used in exchanging messages and taking actions are software components like computers or hardware, unlike human protocols. A network protocol largely governs all activities in the internet which involve two or more entities in communicating remote. Through internet network connection, digital subscriber line (DSL), cable, Dial- up and satellite has been developed. For example a residence may obtain DSL Internet access from the same local telephone company which provides its local phone access that is wired. On the other hand, cable Internet access enhances us e of the cable television